Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din: History, Significance, and Operation Polo in Detail

Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din Kya Hai?

India ko aazadi 15 August 1947 ko mili thi. Lekin kya aapko pata hai ki Maharashtra ka ek bada hissa tab bhi aazaad nahi tha? Hum baat kar rahe hain Marathwada region ki. Marathwada ko aazadi milne me pure 13 mahine aur 2 din ka samay laga. Is aazadi ki ladai ko hum 'Marathwada Mukti Sangram' ke naam se jaante hain. Har saal 17 September ko Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din (Marathwada Liberation Day) ke roop me manaya jata hai. Yeh din un veer shahidon ko yaad karne ka hai jinhone Nizam ke atyachari shasan ke khilaf apni jaan de di. Yeh din hume yaad dilata hai ki aazadi aasani se nahi milti aur iske liye kitni badi keemat chukani padti hai.

Aazadi Ke Baad Ki Aazadi

Jab pura desh tiranga fahre raha tha, tab Marathwada ke log gulam the. Hyderabad ke Nizam Mir Osman Ali Khan ne India me shamil hone se inkar kar diya tha. Unka manna tha ki Hyderabad ek aazaad desh rahega ya fir Pakistan me shamil hoga. Nizam chahta tha ki Hyderabad ek alag desh bane rahe, jisse Bharat ke beech me ek naya vivad khada ho sake. Marathwada us samay Hyderabad state ka hi ek hissa tha. Is vajah se yahan ke logon ko ek naye sangram ki shuruaat karni padi. Yeh sangram kisi aam andolan se kahin bada tha.

Nizam Raj Aur Razakars Ka Atyachar

Nizam ka shasan behad krur tha. Usne apni sena ke alawa ek private militia banayi thi jise 'Razakars' kaha jata tha. Is militia ka chief Kasim Razvi tha. Razakars ne Marathwada ke aam logon par behad atyachar kiye. Unhone logon ke ghar jalaye, lootpat ki aur aazadi ki maang karne walon ko maut ke ghat utar diya. Razakars ne har us vyakti ko nishana banaya jo Bharat ke paksh me bolta tha ya tiranga fahrane ki koshish karta tha. Local Marathi bhasha par ban laga diya gaya tha aur Urdu ko zabardasti thopa gaya tha. Is atyachar ne logon ke andar gusse ki aag ko bhadkaya.

Razakars ka aatank itna badh gaya tha ki unhone mahilaon aur bachhon ko bhi nahi bakhsha. Gaon ke gaon khali ho gaye the kyunki log apni jaan bachane ke liye jungle me ya border ke us paar bhaag rahe the. Lekin is darr ne logon ko kamzor nahi banaya, balki unhe ekjut hone par majboor kiya. Unhone tehsil level par committees banayi aur aapas me coordinate karna shuru kiya.

Logon ne samajh liya tha ki bina lade unhe aazadi nahi milegi. Isliye gaon-gaon me gupt sangathan bane. Navjawanon ne hathiyar uthaye aur Razakars ka samna karne ke liye taiyar ho gaye. Unhone chhote-chhote groups banaye jise 'Dal' kaha jata tha, jo raat ke samay Razakars par hamla karte the. Is dauran mahilaon ne bhi is andolan me badh-chadhkar hissa liya aur krantikariyon ki madad ki.

Mukti Sangram Ke Hero: Swami Ramanand Teerth Aur Unke Sathi

Is pure andolan ko rasta dikhane ke liye kai mahan neta samne aaye. Unme sabse bada naam tha Swami Ramanand Teerth ka. Woh ek sanyasi the lekin unka dil desh bhakti se bhara tha. Unhone Hyderabad State Congress ki sthapna ki aur andolan ko lead kiya. Unke ek ishare par hazaron log jail jaane ko taiyar ho jaate the. Swamiji ke sath Govindbhai Shroff, Babasaheb Paranjape, Shankarrao Chavan aur Siddharthbhai Sen jaise netaon ne is ladai ko aage badhaya.

Swami Ramanand Teerth ne jail ke andar se bhi apna andolan jari rakha. Unhe kai baar giraftar kiya gaya, lekin unka hausla kabhi kam nahi hua. Unke sathi Govindbhai Shroff ne youth ko organize karne me sabse badi bhumika nibhayi. Unhone school aur college ke students ko is andolan se joda, jisse is movement ko ek nayi urja mili.

In netaon ne na keval logon ko jagruk kiya balki unhe military training bhi di. Unhone border par camps banaye jahan se krantikariyon ko operation chalane me madad milti thi. Yeh camps border ke paas jaise Solapur aur Khandesh me banaye gaye the, jahan se krantikariyon ko madad milti thi. In sabhi netaon ne apni zindagi desh ke naam kar di aur Nizam ki sena ke samne kabhi ghutne nahi teke.

Operation Polo: Indian Army Ki Entry

Jab Nizam ne Bharat sarkar ki baat manne se saaf mana kar diya, tab desh ke Home Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel ne ek bada faisla liya. Unhone kaha ki Hyderabad Bharat ke pet me ek cancer ki tarah hai jise operation karke nikalna hi hoga. Is operation ko 'Operation Polo' naam diya gaya kyunki us samay Hyderabad me sabse zyada polo grounds the. 13 September 1948 ko Indian Army ne Hyderabad state par charon taraf se hamla kar diya.

Indian Army ke samne Nizam ki sena aur Razakars tik nahi paye. Sirf 5 dino ke andar Nizam ki sena ne surrender kar diya. Nizam ke commander-in-chief El Edroos ne surrender document par sign kiye aur is tarah se Operation Polo safal raha. 17 September 1948 ko officially Hyderabad state Bharat ka hissa ban gaya. Is tarah Marathwada ko sadiyon ki gulami se aazadi mili. Is poore operation ki jankari aap Wikipedia Search par bhi dekh sakte hain.

17 September 1948: Marathwada Ki Mukti

17 September ka din Marathwada ke itihaas me sunhere aksharon me likha gaya hai. Is din logon ne pehli baar khuli hawa me saans li. Har taraf tiranga fahrane laga aur logon ne jashn manaya. Yeh aazadi aasani se nahi mili thi. Iske liye sekdo logon ne apni jaan gawayi thi. Govindrao Pansare, Shridhar Vartak aur Bahirji Shinde jaise kai veeron ne is sangram me apna balidan diya tha. Unka yeh balidan aaj bhi hume desh bhakti ki prerna deta hai.

Is din ko yaad rakhne ke liye Maharashtra sarkar har saal 17 September ko Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din ke roop me manati hai. Is din Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar (pehle Aurangabad) me mukhya samaroh hota hai jahan state ke Chief Minister tiranga fahrate hain aur shahidon ko shraddhanjali dete hain. Is din pure Marathwada me chutti hoti hai aur schools, colleges aur government offices me flag hoisting ki jati hai.

Aaj Ke Daur Me Iska Mahatva

Aaj ki young generation ke liye Marathwada Mukti Sangram Din sirf ek chutti ka din nahi hona chahiye. Yeh din hume sikhata hai ki aazadi ki keemat kya hoti hai. Humare purvajon ne jis aazadi ke liye itna sangharsh kiya, uski raksha karna humara kartavya hai. Aaj hume is din par sankalp lena chahiye ki hum apne desh aur samaj ki pragati ke liye kaam karenge. Agar aap is vishay par aur research karna chahte hain, toh aap Google ka upyog karke iske baare me aur padh sakte hain.

Marathwada ka vikas hi un shahidon ko sachhi shraddhanjali hogi. Aaj ke din hume un sabhi krantikariyon ko naman karna chahiye jinhone hume ek aazaad kal diya. Marathwada Mukti Sangram ke sabhi shahidon ko koti-koti naman!